Venezuela Guía de Ganancias de Capital 2026

Capital Gains on Real Property — 3% Special Rate or 34% General

Gains from the sale of real estate (inmuebles) by individuals are subject to a special tax regime:

• Special rate (3%): An alternative presumptive minimum tax of 3% on the total sale price (not the gain). This is calculated as 3% of the sale value and is payable by the seller.
• General rate (34%): The standard ISLR rate of 34% on the net capital gain (sale price minus inflation-adjusted acquisition cost and expenses).
• The taxpayer must pay the higher of the two calculations: 3% of the sale price or 34% of the net gain.

The gain is calculated as the difference between the sale price and the inflation-adjusted acquisition cost (costo de adquisición actualizado por inflación). The monetary re-expression mechanism is critical in Venezuela's high-inflation environment.

Capital Gains on Shares and Bonds — 34%

• Shares (acciones): Capital gains from the sale of Venezuelan or foreign shares are generally taxed at 34% on the net gain.
• Corporate bonds and debentures: Gains on the sale of bonds, debentures, and other debt securities are taxed at 34%.
• Government bonds: Gains from trading Venezuelan sovereign bonds (PDVSA bonds, Global bonds) are subject to 34% CGT on the net gain.
• Withholding: When shares or bonds are sold, the gain is often subject to withholding at source by the broker, which is creditable against the annual tax liability.

Capital Gains on Personal Property

• Gains from the sale of personal property (vehicles, jewelry, artwork, etc.) are generally subject to CGT at the standard 34% rate.
• Personal effects and household goods sold for less than their original cost are generally exempt.
• The gain is calculated as the sale price minus the inflation-adjusted acquisition cost.

Cryptocurrency Capital Gains

• Cryptocurrency gains are treated as capital gains and subject to the standard rates.
• Gains from the sale of cryptocurrencies are generally subject to 34% CGT on the net gain.
• If cryptocurrency trading is conducted as a regular business activity, the gains may be reclassified as ordinary business income subject to ISLR progressive rates (6-34%).
• Exchanges between different cryptocurrencies are taxable events in Venezuela.

Calculation of Gain and Inflation Adjustment

• The taxable gain is the difference between the sale price and the adjusted acquisition cost.
• The acquisition cost is adjusted for inflation using the INPC (Índice Nacional de Precios al Consumidor) published by the BCV.
• Costs of acquisition and sale (commissions, notary fees, taxes) are deductible from the gain.
• In high-inflation periods, the inflation adjustment significantly reduces the real taxable gain.

FAQs

Do I pay capital gains tax if I sell my primary residence?

The sale of a primary residence (vivienda principal) may be exempt from capital gains tax if the proceeds are reinvested in another primary residence within a specified period (typically 12 months).

Are foreign investors subject to Venezuelan capital gains tax?

Yes, non-resident investors are subject to 34% CGT on gains from the sale of Venezuelan assets. Tax treaties may provide reduced rates or exemptions.

How is the inflation adjustment calculated for capital gains?

The acquisition cost is adjusted by the cumulative inflation (INPC) from the month of acquisition to the month of sale. This adjustment prevents taxation of inflationary gains.

Aviso Legal

Este guia fornece informações gerais sobre ganhos de capital na Venezuela para 2026. Leis e alíquotas podem mudar. Sempre consulte um contador ou o SENIAT para orientação específica. InvestmentKit não fornece aconselhamento tributário.